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1.
Emerg Infect Dis ; 30(3): 613-616, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38407164

RESUMO

We report a case of Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection in a pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient in Argentina. Spores were visualized in feces using Calcofluor White and modified trichrome stainings. PCR and sequencing identified E. bieneusi genotype D in fecal samples and liver samples, confirming extraintestinal dissemination of the parasite.


Assuntos
Enterocytozoon , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Criança , Argentina/epidemiologia , Enterocytozoon/genética , Transplantados , Fezes , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos
2.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 54(4): 21-30, dic. 2022. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1422963

RESUMO

Abstract Scedosporium/Lomentospora species are widely distributed in nature. They are gen-erally saprophytes, but can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients and occasionally in immunocompetent patients that are difficult to treat due to high lev-els of antifungal resistance. The distribution of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species shows regional differences. Scedosporium boydii and Scedosporium apiospermum are the most fre-quently isolated species in our region, whereas Scedosporium aurantiacum is more common in other regions. We describe the first isolation in Argentina of S. aurantiacum in a vitreous humor infection from a previously healthy patient after traumatic injury in her left eye. Due to the suspicion of fungal endophthalmitis, a mycological study of the vitreous humor was performed. The culture allowed the isolation of S. aurantiacum. The patient was treated with voriconazole with favorable clinic evolution.


Resumen Las especies de Scedosporium/Lamentospora se encuentran ampliamente distribuidas en la naturaleza. En general son saprofitas, pero pueden causar infecciones oportunistas de difícil tratamiento debido a sus altos niveles de resistencia a los antifúngicos en individuos inmunocomprometidos y, ocasionalmente, en personas inmunocompetentes. La distribución de las especies de Scedosporium/Lamentospora muestra diferencias regionales. Scedosporium boydii y S. apiospermum son las especies más frecuentemente aisladas en nuestra región, mientras que en otras S. aurantiacum es más común. Presentamos el primer aislamiento en Argentina de S. aurantiacum de una infección de humor vítreo de un paciente previamente sano que sufrió una lesión traumática. El paciente fue tratado con voriconazol y tuvo una evolución clínica favorable.

3.
Rev Argent Microbiol ; 54(4): 318-321, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35643584

RESUMO

Scedosporium/Lomentospora species are widely distributed in nature. They are generally saprophytes, but can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients and occasionally in immunocompetent patients that are difficult to treat due to high levels of antifungal resistance. The distribution of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species shows regional differences. Scedosporium boydii and Scedosporium apiospermum are the most frequently isolated species in our region, whereas Scedosporium aurantiacum is more common in other regions. We describe the first isolation in Argentina of S. aurantiacum in a vitreous humor infection from a previously healthy patient after traumatic injury in her left eye. Due to the suspicion of fungal endophthalmitis, a mycological study of the vitreous humor was performed. The culture allowed the isolation of S. aurantiacum. The patient was treated with voriconazole with favorable clinic evolution.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos , Scedosporium , Humanos , Argentina , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Voriconazol/uso terapêutico
4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 38(6): 811-815, dic. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388310

RESUMO

Resumen La esporotricosis es una infección fúngica de evolución subagudacrónica causada por hongos dimórficos del Complejo Sporothrix schenckii. Es más frecuente en zonas tropicales. La prevalencia en Argentina se estima entre 0,01 y 0,02%. En la mitad de los pacientes se manifiesta como una esporotricosis linfocutánea, la cual se produce tras la inoculación del hongo en la piel luego de un trauma menor. La lesión inicial es una pápula o nódulo que se sucede con la aparición de una cadena ascendente de nódulos subcutáneos móviles, indoloros y eritematosos. El diagnóstico se realiza a partir del cultivo micológico. El antifúngico de elección es itraconazol y el pronóstico es usualmente favorable. Se presenta el caso de una niña de 4 años, previamente sana, que consultó por adenopatías axilares de evolución subaguda sin respuesta a múltiples esquemas antimicrobianos, confirmándose el diagnóstico de una esporotricosis linfocutánea por el cultivo de una biopsia ganglionar.


Abstract Sporotrichosis is a subacute-chronic fungal infection caused by dimorphic fungi of the Sporothrix schenckii Complex. It is more common in tropical areas. The prevalence in Argentina is estimated between 0.01 and 0.02%. In half of the patients it manifests as lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis, which occurs after inoculation of the fungus into the skin after minor trauma. The initial lesion is a papule or nodule that occurs with the appearance of an ascending chain of mobile, painless and erythematous subcutaneous nodules. The diagnosis is made from mycological culture. The antifungal of choice is itraconazole and the prognosis is usually favorable. We present the case of a healthy 4-year-old girl who consulted for subacute axillary lymphadenopathy without response to multiple antimicrobial regimens, arriving at the diagnosis of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis from the culture of a lymph node biopsy sample.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pré-Escolar , Esporotricose/diagnóstico , Esporotricose/microbiologia , Esporotricose/tratamento farmacológico , Pele/patologia , Sporothrix , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico
5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 38(6): 857-909, dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388317

RESUMO

Resumen El Comité de Infecciones en el Niño Inmunocomprometido de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica, entrega este documento de Consenso, llamado "Manejo de los episodios de neutropenia febril en niños con cáncer. Consenso de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica 2021". El documento contiene recomendaciones sobre aspectos de prevención, predicción, diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico de los episodios de fiebre y neutropenia, incluyendo recomendaciones específicas sobre: Análisis de ingreso; evaluación, ajustes y duración de terapias antimicrobianas; diagnóstico y manejo de infección fúngica invasora; análisis de los principales focos clínicos de infección; condiciones ambientales necesarias para hospitales que atienden niños con cáncer y quimioprofilaxis. Se ha puesto especial énfasis en entregar las mejores recomendaciones para optimizar el manejo de los episodios de fiebre y neutropenia en niños con cáncer, buscando la equidad y la excelencia a través de todos los centros que atienden estos pacientes en América Latina.


Abstract The Committee for Infections in Immunocompromised Children of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica, presents this Consensus document, titled "Management of episodes of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer. Consensus of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica 2021". The document includes recommendations on prevention, prediction, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of episodes of fever and neutropenia, including specific recommendations on: Analysis at admission; evaluation, adjustments and duration of antimicrobial therapies; diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infection; analysis of the main clinical source of infections; environmental conditions necessary for hospitals caring for children with cancer and chemoprophylaxis. Special emphasis has been placed on providing the best recommendations to optimize the management of episodes of fever and neutropenia in children with cancer, with equity and excellence through all the centers that treat these patients in Latin America.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Doenças Transmissíveis , Neutropenia Febril/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/complicações , Consenso , Febre , América Latina
6.
Rev Chilena Infectol ; 38(6): 811-815, 2021 12.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35506857

RESUMO

Sporotrichosis is a subacute-chronic fungal infection caused by dimorphic fungi of the Sporothrix schenckii Complex. It is more common in tropical areas. The prevalence in Argentina is estimated between 0.01 and 0.02%. In half of the patients it manifests as lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis, which occurs after inoculation of the fungus into the skin after minor trauma. The initial lesion is a papule or nodule that occurs with the appearance of an ascending chain of mobile, painless and erythematous subcutaneous nodules. The diagnosis is made from mycological culture. The antifungal of choice is itraconazole and the prognosis is usually favorable. We present the case of a healthy 4-year-old girl who consulted for subacute axillary lymphadenopathy without response to multiple antimicrobial regimens, arriving at the diagnosis of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis from the culture of a lymph node biopsy sample.


Assuntos
Sporothrix , Esporotricose , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Pele/patologia , Esporotricose/diagnóstico , Esporotricose/tratamento farmacológico , Esporotricose/microbiologia
7.
Rev Chilena Infectol ; 38(6): 857-909, 2021 12.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35506861

RESUMO

The Committee for Infections in Immunocompromised Children of Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica, presents this Consensus document, titled "Management of episodes of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer. Consensus of the Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectología Pediátrica 2021". The document includes recommendations on prevention, prediction, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of episodes of fever and neutropenia, including specific recommendations on: Analysis at admission; evaluation, adjustments and duration of antimicrobial therapies; diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infection; analysis of the main clinical source of infections; environmental conditions necessary for hospitals caring for children with cancer and chemoprophylaxis. Special emphasis has been placed on providing the best recommendations to optimize the management of episodes of fever and neutropenia in children with cancer, with equity and excellence through all the centers that treat these patients in Latin America.


Assuntos
Doenças Transmissíveis , Neutropenia Febril , Neoplasias , Criança , Consenso , Neutropenia Febril/tratamento farmacológico , Febre , Humanos , América Latina , Neoplasias/complicações
8.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 1(supl. 1): 11-15, dic. 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1396932

RESUMO

Introducción: La utilización de drenajes ventriculares al exterior (DVE) es uno de los procedimientos más frecuentes dentro de la neurocirugía. Los DVE presentan una elevada tasa de infección, con valores que van desde 3-22 %. Las publicaciones que hablan acerca de los factores de riesgo asociados a IAD son limitadas al hemisferio norte, por lo tanto, los resultados no son tan fácilmente trasladables a nuestro medio. Creemos que es importante conocer los factores de riesgo que predisponen a las IAD en nuestra comunidad, para poder prevenirlas y evitarlas. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico retrospectivo de una cohorte de 66 pacientes pediátricos que recibieron 137 DVE. Se analizaron los factores considerados de riesgo para infección asociada al drenaje (IAD). Resultados: De los 66 pacientes analizados con DVE, 15 (22.7%; IC 95%: 14-34,5) presentaron una IAD. Los pacientes que presentaron fístula de LCR (65,2% vs 0%; p <0,0001), desconexión del sistema (60% vs 16% p<0,007), obstrucción (75% vs 19% p=0,03), menor edad (2 vs 9 p=0,03), internación prolongada (68 vs 42; p=<0.000), mayor tiempo en quirófano (462 vs 113; p=<0,000), y mayor número de recambios (4 vs 1; p=<0,000) mostraron una incidencia de IAD significativamente superior. Conclusión: La incidencia anual de IAD en nuestra población fue del 22,7%.La fístula de LCR junto con la desconexión y la obstrucción del sistema parecerían ser factores de riesgo para IAD. La edad, el tiempo de internación, la duración de la cirugía y el número de recambios parecerían ser también factores de riesgo para las IAD.


Introduction: The use of external ventricular drainage (EVD) is one of the most frequent procedures within neurosurgery. EVDs present a high infection rate, with values ranging from 3-22%.Information about risk factors associated with EVD are limited to the northern hemisphere, therefore, the results are not so easily transferable to our environment. We believe that it is important to know the risk factors that predispose EVD ́s infections in our community, in order to prevent and avoid them. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective analytical study of a cohort of 66 pediatric patients who received 137 EVD. Risk factors for EVD infections were analyzed. Results: Of the 66 patients analyzed with EVD, 15 (22.7%; 95% CI: 14-34.5) presented an EVD infection. CSF fistula (65.2% vs 0%; p <0.0001), disconnection (60% vs 16% p <0.007), obstruction (75% vs 19% p = 0.03) , younger age (2 vs 9 p = 0.03), prolonged hospitalization (68 vs 42; p = <0.000), longer time in the operating room (462 vs 113; p = <0.000), and greater number of replacements (4 vs 1; p = <0.000) showed a significantly higher incidence of EVD infections. Conclusion: The annual incidence of ADI in our population was 22.7%. CSF fistula along with system disconnection and obstruction, younger age, length of stay, surgery duration, and number of replacements appear to be risk factors for EVD infections.


Assuntos
Criança , Infecções , Pediatria , Drenagem , Fatores de Risco , Neurocirurgia
9.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 37(1): 34-36, ene.-mar. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-193844

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES: La histoplasmosis es una micosis sistémica endémica en América con pocos casos reportados en pediatría. OBJETIVOS: Describir la epidemiología, formas clínicas y evolución de la histoplasmosis en niños de un hospital pediátrico en Argentina. MÉTODOS: El estudio, retrospectivo y descriptivo, se llevó a cabo entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2016 en el Hospital de Pediatría «Prof. Dr. Juan Pedro Garrahan», e incluyó pacientes menores de 18 años con cuadro clínico, serología, cultivos y/o hallazgos histológicos compatibles con histoplasmosis. Se estudiaron 13 pacientes (siete niños y seis niñas, con una mediana de edad de 9 años y rango intercuartílico de 3,4 a 13 años), de los cuales tres niños (23%) provenían de la provincia de Buenos Aires, tres de la provincia de Santa Fe (23%) y siete (54%) de otras provincias. RESULTADOS: Diez pacientes (77%) presentaron la forma diseminada de la enfermedad y tres (23%) la forma pulmonar (23%); ocho niños (62%) tenían otras comorbilidades. La serología fue positiva en siete casos (54%), los cultivos fueron positivos en nueve pacientes (69%) y en diez casos (77%) se identificaron hallazgos histológicos compatibles con histoplasmosis. Todos los pacientes recibieron anfotericina B (liposomal en siete casos y desoxicolato en seis). Diez pacientes (77%) continuaron el tratamiento con itraconazol y tres pacientes (23%) fallecieron por causas no relacionadas con la histoplasmosis. CONCLUSIONES: En la serie analizada predominaron los pacientes con histoplasmosis diseminada asociada a otra enfermedad. La mortalidad no estuvo directamente relacionada con la infección


BACKGROUND: Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease, endemic in South America, and seldom reported in paediatrics. AIMS: To report the epidemiology, clinical features and outcome of children diagnosed with histoplasmosis in an Argentinian Children's Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective and descriptive study was performed from January 2008 to December 2016 in Hospital de Pediatría 'Prof. Dr. Juan Pedro Garrahan'. Patients under 18 years with clinical features, serological tests, cultures and/or histological findings compatible with histoplasmosis were included. Thirteen patients were selected (seven male and six female; mean age was 9 years with interquartile range 3.4-13); three children (23%) were from Buenos Aires province, three (23%) from Santa Fe province, and seven (54%) from other provinces. RESULTS: In ten cases (77%) the clinical form was disseminated, and it was pulmonary in three (23%). Eight cases (62%) suffered other comorbidities. Serological tests were positive in seven patients (54%), with positive cultures obtained in nine patients (69%). Histological findings compatible with histoplasmosis were found in 10 cases (77%). All patients received treatment with amphotericin B (liposomal formulation in seven cases, deoxycholate in six), with 10 patients continuing with oral itraconazole. Three patients (23%) died from causes unrelated to histoplasmosis. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of children in the series had comorbidities and disseminated histoplasmosis. Mortality was not directly associated with histoplasmosis


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Histoplasmose/tratamento farmacológico , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Histoplasmose/mortalidade , Argentina
10.
Rev Iberoam Micol ; 37(1): 34-36, 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31902569

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Histoplasmosis is a fungal disease, endemic in South America, and seldom reported in paediatrics. AIMS: To report the epidemiology, clinical features and outcome of children diagnosed with histoplasmosis in an Argentinian Children's Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective and descriptive study was performed from January 2008 to December 2016 in Hospital de Pediatría 'Prof. Dr. Juan Pedro Garrahan'. Patients under 18 years with clinical features, serological tests, cultures and/or histological findings compatible with histoplasmosis were included. Thirteen patients were selected (seven male and six female; mean age was 9 years with interquartile range 3.4-13); three children (23%) were from Buenos Aires province, three (23%) from Santa Fe province, and seven (54%) from other provinces. RESULTS: In ten cases (77%) the clinical form was disseminated, and it was pulmonary in three (23%). Eight cases (62%) suffered other comorbidities. Serological tests were positive in seven patients (54%), with positive cultures obtained in nine patients (69%). Histological findings compatible with histoplasmosis were found in 10 cases (77%). All patients received treatment with amphotericin B (liposomal formulation in seven cases, deoxycholate in six), with 10 patients continuing with oral itraconazole. Three patients (23%) died from causes unrelated to histoplasmosis. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of children in the series had comorbidities and disseminated histoplasmosis. Mortality was not directly associated with histoplasmosis.


Assuntos
Histoplasmose , Adolescente , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Histoplasmose/tratamento farmacológico , Histoplasmose/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
11.
Buenos Aires; Médica Panamericana; 2019. 160 p. ilus, tab.
Monografia em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1026447

RESUMO

Las consultas pediátricas por temas infectológicos son frecuentes y relevantes durante toda la infancia, desde la etapa neonatal hasta la adolescencia. En este nuevo volumen de las Series Garrahan: El ñino y las infecciones, se han seleccionado temas específicos, sobre la base de la actualización del conocimiento, los cambios epidemiológicos y de las conductas clínicas ocurridos en los últimos años y la necesidad del manejo adecuado de estas afecciones, ya sea ambulatorio o durante la internación. Entre sus aspectos sobresalientes se incluyen: El estudio de temas destacados como el abordaje del niño febril; las infecciones de piel y partes blandas, incluidas las asociadas con mordeduras; las infecciones en el recién nacido; las infecciones respiratorias bajas, incluida la tuberculosis; y las infecciones osteoarticulares, del sistema nervioso central e intraabdominales. La inclusión de un capítulo especial sobre la prevención de infecciones para ayudar a reducir su incidencia. El enfoque práctico, con discusión de casos clínicos y definición de conductas, y ubicando al pediatra en un papel central como coordinador de la atención interdisciplinaria. Aspectos clave y lecturas recomendadas en el cierre de cada capítulo. Una obra actualizada que aporta información científica y la experiencia de los profesionales del Hospital Garrahan, dedicada a todos los miembros del equipo de salud que atienden y cuidan niños dondequiera que trabajen al servicio de la salud infantil


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Osteomielite , Peritonite , Pneumonia , Febre Recorrente , Dermatopatias Infecciosas , Tuberculose , Mordeduras e Picadas , Artrite Infecciosa , Coqueluche , Vacinação , Meningites Bacterianas , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Febre , Febre de Causa Desconhecida , Encefalite Infecciosa , Sepse Neonatal
12.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(4): e230-e232, ago. 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887352

RESUMO

El absceso cerebral es una infección focal, que se presenta con una frecuencia de 0,3-1,3 casos cada 100000 personas/año.¹ Se describe la epidemiología, clínica y microbiología de 38 niños con diagnóstico de absceso cerebral internados entre el 1/4/2005 y el 31/12/2015 en el Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Veinticuatro pacientes fueron varones. La mediana de edad fue de 132 meses. Se detectaron factores predisponentes en 25 niños. La mediana de evolución entre el inicio de los síntomas y la consulta fue de 7 días. Hubo 27 casos con lesiones únicas. Se realizó un drenaje quirúrgico en 34 pacientes. Las bacterias más frecuentes fueron anaerobios, Streptococcus viridans y Staphylococcus aureus. La mediana de tratamiento antibiótico fue de 56 días y la mediana de internación fue de 43 días. La letalidad fue del 3%.


Brain abscess is a focal infection that occurs with a frequency of 0.3-1.3 cases per 100,000 people/year. We describe the epidemiology, clinical and microbiology characteristics of 38 children diagnosed with brain abscess hospitalized between 4/1/2005 and 12/31/2015 at Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" in Buenos Aires City. Twenty-four patients were male. The median age was 132 months. Predisposing factors were detected in 25 children. The median evolution from onset of symptoms to the visit was 7 days. There were 27 cases with single lesions. Surgical drainage was performed in 34 patients. The most frequent bacteria were anaerobes, Streptococcus viridans and Staphylococcus aureus. The median of antibiotic treatment was 56 days and the median of hospitalization was 43 days. The lethality was 3%.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Abscesso Encefálico/terapia , Fatores de Tempo , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Hospitais Pediátricos
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(4): 374-376, ago. 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1038378

RESUMO

La experiencia con anidulafungina en el tratamiento de infecciones fúngicas invasivas en pediatría es escasa. Se presenta nuestra experiencia en 55 niños. La anidulafungina se administró por vía intravenosa en la dosis de carga de 3 mg/kg en una sola dosis diaria, seguida de 1,5 mg/kg cada 24 h durante una media de 14 días (rango, 7-22 d.). La mediana de edad de los pacientes fue de 114 meses (rango intercuartíhco, 32168 m.). Todos los pacientes tenían enfermedades subyacentes. En los trasplantados de médula ósea, la diferencia entre el valor inicial y al final de la administración del fármaco en el recuento de glóbulos blancos, valores de transaminasas y función renal no fue significativo. Ninguno de los pacientes tuvo eventos adversos o murió por causas relacionadas con anidulafungina. La anidulafungina podría ser una opción para la profilaxis o el tratamiento de las infecciones fúngicas invasivas en pediatría, aunque se requieren estudios metodológicamente sólidos para probarlo.


The experience using anidulafungin for the treatment of invasive fungal infections in pediatrics is limited. In this article, we describe our experience in 55 children. Anidulafungin was administered intravenously at a loading dose of 3 mg/kg once daily, followed by 1.5 mg/kg every 24 hours over a mean period of 14 days (range: 7-22 days). Patients' median age was 114 months old (interquartile range: 32-168 months old). All patients had underlying diseases. Among patients with bone marrow transplant, the difference in white blood cell count, transaminase levels, and renal function at baseline and at the end of anidulafungin administration was not significant. No adverse events were reported and no patient died from an anidulafungin-related cause. Anidulafungin may be considered an alternative for the prophylaxis or treatment of invasive fungal infections in pediatrics but methodologically robust studies are needed to confirm this.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Criança , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas , Anidulafungina
14.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 115(4): e230-e232, 2017 Aug 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28737874

RESUMO

Brain abscess is a focal infection that occurs with a frequency of 0.3-1.3 cases per 100,000 people/year. We describe the epidemiology, clinical and microbiology characteristics of 38 children diagnosed with brain abscess hospitalized between 4/1/2005 and 12/31/2015 at Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" in Buenos Aires City. Twenty-four patients were male. The median age was 132 months. Predisposing factors were detected in 25 children. The median evolution from onset of symptoms to the visit was 7 days. There were 27 cases with single lesions. Surgical drainage was performed in 34 patients. The most frequent bacteria were anaerobes, Streptococcus viridans and Staphylococcus aureus. The median of antibiotic treatment was 56 days and the median of hospitalization was 43 days. The lethality was 3%.


El absceso cerebral es una infección focal, que se presenta con una frecuencia de 0,3-1,3 casos cada 100 000 personas/año.1 Se describe la epidemiología, clínica y microbiología de 38 niños con diagnóstico de absceso cerebral internados entre el 1/4/2005 y el 31/12/2015 en el Hospital de Pediatría "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan" de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Veinticuatro pacientes fueron varones. La mediana de edad fue de 132 meses. Se detectaron factores predisponentes en 25 niños. La mediana de evolución entre el inicio de los síntomas y la consulta fue de 7 días. Hubo 27 casos con lesiones únicas. Se realizó un drenaje quirúrgico en 34 pacientes. Las bacterias más frecuentes fueron anaerobios, Streptococcus viridans y Staphylococcus aureus. La mediana de tratamiento antibiótico fue de 56 días y la mediana de internación fue de 43 días. La letalidad fue del 3%.


Assuntos
Abscesso Encefálico/terapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hospitais Pediátricos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Fatores de Tempo
15.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 115(4): 374-376, 2017 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28741344

RESUMO

The experience using anidulafungin for the treatment of invasive fungal infections in pediatrics is limited. In this article, we describe our experience in 55 children. Anidulafungin was administered intravenously at a loading dose of 3 mg/kg once daily, followed by 1.5 mg/kg every 24 hours over a mean period of 14 days (range: 7-22 days). Patients' median age was 114 months old (interquartile range: 32-168 months old). All patients had underlying diseases. Among patients with bone marrow transplant, the difference in white blood cell count, transaminase levels, and renal function at baseline and at the end of anidulafungin administration was not significant. No adverse events were reported and no patient died from an anidulafungin-related cause. Anidulafungin may be considered an alternative for the prophylaxis or treatment of invasive fungal infections in pediatrics but methodologically robust studies are needed to confirm this.


La experiencia con anidulafungina en el tratamiento de infecciones fúngicas invasivas en pediatría es escasa. Se presenta nuestra experiencia en 55 niños. La anidulafungina se administró por vía intravenosa en la dosis de carga de 3 mg/kg en una sola dosis diaria, seguida de 1,5 mg/kg cada 24 h durante una media de 14 días (rango, 7-22 d.). La mediana de edad de los pacientes fue de 114 meses (rango intercuartílico, 32-168 m.). Todos los pacientes tenían enfermedades subyacentes. En los trasplantados de médula ósea, la diferencia entre el valor inicial y al final de la administración del fármaco en el recuento de glóbulos blancos, valores de transaminasas y función renal no fue significativo. Ninguno de los pacientes tuvo eventos adversos o murió por causas relacionadas con anidulafungina. La anidulafungina podría ser una opción para la profilaxis o el tratamiento de las infecciones fúngicas invasivas en pediatría, aunque se requieren estudios metodológicamente sólidos para probarlo.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Equinocandinas/uso terapêutico , Micoses/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Anidulafungina , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Atenção Terciária à Saúde
16.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 112(4): 332-336, ago. 2014.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1159626

RESUMO

Introducción. La meningitis por Streptococcus pneumoniae provoca frecuentemente elevada morbimortalidad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar las características epidemiológicas y clínicas, la susceptibilidad antibiótica y la evolución de los niños con meningitis por neumococo antes de la introducción de la vacuna en Argentina. Métodos. Se incluyeron pacientes menores de 18 años internados en el Hospital J. P. Garrahan entre 1999 y 2010. Se revisaron los registros del laboratorio de microbiología y las historias clínicas de los niños. Resultados. Se identificaron 111 niños con meningitis por S. pneumoniae. En el período 1999-2002, hubo 40 casos, 35 en 2003-2006 y 36 en 2007-2010. La media de edad fue 7 meses (r: 1-191). Eran inmunocompetentes 104 pacientes (94%). Solo 20 pacientes (18%) tenían enfermedad de base. La presentación clínica más frecuente fue el compromiso neurológico en 80 pacientes (75%) y la sepsis en 59 pacientes (53%). Requirieron admisión en terapia intensiva 49 pacientes (44%). Otro foco clínico de infección estuvo presente en 24 pacientes (22%); en la mitad de ellos, neumonía. El cultivo de líquido cefalorraquídeo fue positivo en 103 pacientes (93%) y los hemocultivos en 88 pacientes (79%). Se identificó resistencia a la penicilina en 15% de los casos y en el 5% resistencia a cefotaxima. La resistencia antibiótica disminuyó a lo largo de los años. Presentaron complicaciones 56 pacientes (50%), y 11 pacientes (10%) fallecieron por la infección. Conclusión. La resistencia de S. pneumoniae a los antimicrobianos disminuyó a lo largo de los años. Es importante mantener la vigilancia epidemiológica para evaluar el impacto de la vacunación en Argentina


Introduction. Pneumococcal meningitis is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and has high morbidity and mortality rates. The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, antibiotic sensitivity and evolution of pneumococcal meningitis in children prior to the introduction of the vaccine in Argentina. Methods. Patients younger than 18 years old hospitalized at Hospital J. P. Garrahan between 1999 and 2010 were included. Children's microbiology lab records and case records were reviewed. Results. One hundred and eleven children with S. pneumoniae meningitis were identified. Forty cases were found in the 1999-2002 period, 35 in the 2003-2006 period, and 36 in the 2007- 2010 period. The mean age was 7 months old (range: 1-191). One hundred and four patients were immunocompetent (94%). Only 20 patients (18%) had an underlying disease. The most commonly observed clinical presentation was neurological involvement in 80 patients (75%), and sepsis in 59 (53%). Forty-nine patients (44%) had to be admitted to the ICU. A second clinical source of infection was identified in 24 patients (22%); half of these cases corresponded to pneumonia. Positive findings were observed in the cerebrospinal fluid culture of 103 patients (93%) and in the blood culture of 88 (79%). Resistance to penicillin was identified in 15% of cases, while 5% showed resistance to cefotaxime. Antibiotic resistance was reduced over the years. Complications occurred in 56 patients (50%), and 11 (10%) died because of the infection. Conclusion. Antimicrobial resistance by S. pneumoniae was reduced over time. It is important to maintain epidemiological surveillance to assess the impact of immunization in Argentina.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Vacinas Conjugadas , Vacinas Pneumocócicas , Meningite Pneumocócica/prevenção & controle , Argentina , Fatores de Tempo , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estudos Retrospectivos , Programas de Imunização , Hospitais Pediátricos , Meningite Pneumocócica/tratamento farmacológico , Meningite Pneumocócica/epidemiologia
17.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 112(4): 332-6, 2014 08.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24955903

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pneumococcal meningitis is causedby Streptococcuspneumoniae and hashigh morbidity and mortality rates. The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, antibiotic sensitivity and evolution of pneumococcal meningitis in children prior to the introduction of the vaccine in Argentina. METHODS: Patients younger than 18 years old hospitalizedat Hospital J. P. Garrahanbetween1999 and 2010 were included. Children's microbiology lab records and case records were reviewed. RESULTS: One hundred and eleven children with S. pneumoniae meningitis were identified. Forty cases were found in the 1999-2002 period, 35 in the 2003-2006 period, and 36 in the 20072010 period. The mean age was 7 months old (range: 1-191). One hundred and four patients were immunocompetent (94%). Only 20 patients (18%) had an underlying disease. The most commonly observed clinical presentation was neurological involvement in 80 patients (75%), and sepsis in59 (53%). Forty-nine patients (44%) had to be admitted to the ICU. A second clinical source of infection was identified in 24 patients (22%); half of these cases corresponded to pneumonia. Positive findings were observed in the cerebrospinal fluid culture of 103 patients (93%) and in the blood culture of 88 (79%). Resistance to penicillin was identified in 15% of cases, while 5% showed resistance to cefotaxime. Antibiotic resistance was reduced over the years. Complications occurred in 56 patients (50%), and 11 (10%) died because of the infection. CONCLUSION: Antimicrobial resistance by S. pneumoniae was reduced over time. It is important to maintain epidemiological surveillance to assess the impact of immunization in Argentina.


Assuntos
Meningite Pneumocócica/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Pneumocócicas , Vacinas Conjugadas , Adolescente , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hospitais Pediátricos , Humanos , Programas de Imunização , Lactente , Meningite Pneumocócica/tratamento farmacológico , Meningite Pneumocócica/epidemiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo
18.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 112(2): 124-131, abr. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-708477

RESUMO

Introducción. El uso inapropiado de antibióticos se relaciona con el incremento de los microorganismos resistentes, mayor morbimortalidad e impacto en la salud pública. Objetivo. Evaluar la efectividad de un programa para mejorar la adecuación del uso de los antimicrobianos en los pacientes internados en el Hospital Garrahan. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo, longitudinal, antes-después, sin grupo control. Período de estudio: del 1/7/2010 al30/6/2011. Se incluyeron pacientes con antibiótico parenteral. Se excluyeron los recién nacidos, quemados y aquellos con antibiótico como profilaxis. Se comparó el período previo y posterior a la implementación de talleres de discusión y monitoreo de indicaciones de antibióticos y la difusión de guías de tratamiento. Se realizó análisis univariado y estudio de regresión logística múltiple (STATA 8.0). Resultados. En el período preintervención, se incluyeron 376 pacientes; el 35,6% recibió tratamiento inadecuado. En el análisis de regresión múltiple, las variables finales de uso inadecuado fueron la infección respiratoria aguda baja (OR 3,80; IC 95% 1,35-3,26; p= 0,04), la fiebre sin foco en el paciente internado (OR 5,55; IC 95% 2,43-12,6; p < 0,01) y la neutropenia febril (OR 0,29; IC 95% 0,10-0,7; p < 0,01). Postintervención: se incluyeron 357 pacientes; 21,5% recibió tratamiento inapropiado. Se observó un descenso en la prescripción antibiótica inadecuada respecto al período preintervención (p < 0,01). En el análisis de regresión múltiple, las variables finales respecto al uso inadecuado fueron infección de piel y partes blandas (OR 0,33; IC 95% 0,13-0,93; p= 0,035) y neutropenia febril (OR 0,48; IC 95% 0,22-0,94; p= 0,04). Conclusión. El programa fue efectivo. Permitió mejorar las prácticas de prescripción de antibióticos en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados.


Introduction. Inadequate antibiotic use is associated with an increased emergence of resistant microorganisms, higher morbidity and mortality rates, and an impact on public health. Objective. To assess the effectiveness of a program aimed at improving the use of antimicrobials in patients hospitalized at Hospital Garrahan. Material and Methods. Prospective, longitudinal, before and after study with no control group. Study period: From November 1st, 2010 to June 30th, 2011. Patients receiving parenteral antibiotics were included. Newborn infants, burned patients and those receiving prophylactic antibiotics were excluded. The periods before and after implementing discussion and monitoring workshops for antibiotic prescription and distributing treatment guidelines were compared. An univariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression study were performed (STATA 8.0). Results. In the pre-interventionperiod,376patients were included; of them, 35.6% had received inadequate treatment. The multiple regression analysis showed that the endpoints for inadequate antibiotic use were acute lower respiratory tract infection (OR: 3.80; 95% CI: 1.35-3.26; p=0.04), fever without a source in hospitalized patients (OR: 5.55; 95% CI: 2.43-12.6; p < 0.01), and febrile neutropenia (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.10-0.7; p < 0.01). In the post-intervention period, 357 patients were included; 21.5% had received inadequate treatment. A reduction in inadequate antibiotic prescription was observed compared to the pre-intervention period (p < 0.01). The multiple regression analysis showed that endpoints for inadequate use were skin and soft tissue infections (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13-0.93; p = 0.035), and febrile neutropenia (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.220.94; p= 0.04). Conclusion. The program was effective and allowed to improve antibiotic prescription practices in hospitalized children.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Uso de Medicamentos/normas , Argentina , Hospitalização , Estudos Longitudinais , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudos Prospectivos , Atenção Terciária à Saúde
19.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 112(2): 124-131, abr. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-132006

RESUMO

Introducción. El uso inapropiado de antibióticos se relaciona con el incremento de los microorganismos resistentes, mayor morbimortalidad e impacto en la salud pública. Objetivo. Evaluar la efectividad de un programa para mejorar la adecuación del uso de los antimicrobianos en los pacientes internados en el Hospital Garrahan. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo, longitudinal, antes-después, sin grupo control. Período de estudio: del 1/7/2010 al30/6/2011. Se incluyeron pacientes con antibiótico parenteral. Se excluyeron los recién nacidos, quemados y aquellos con antibiótico como profilaxis. Se comparó el período previo y posterior a la implementación de talleres de discusión y monitoreo de indicaciones de antibióticos y la difusión de guías de tratamiento. Se realizó análisis univariado y estudio de regresión logística múltiple (STATA 8.0). Resultados. En el período preintervención, se incluyeron 376 pacientes; el 35,6% recibió tratamiento inadecuado. En el análisis de regresión múltiple, las variables finales de uso inadecuado fueron la infección respiratoria aguda baja (OR 3,80; IC 95% 1,35-3,26; p= 0,04), la fiebre sin foco en el paciente internado (OR 5,55; IC 95% 2,43-12,6; p < 0,01) y la neutropenia febril (OR 0,29; IC 95% 0,10-0,7; p < 0,01). Postintervención: se incluyeron 357 pacientes; 21,5% recibió tratamiento inapropiado. Se observó un descenso en la prescripción antibiótica inadecuada respecto al período preintervención (p < 0,01). En el análisis de regresión múltiple, las variables finales respecto al uso inadecuado fueron infección de piel y partes blandas (OR 0,33; IC 95% 0,13-0,93; p= 0,035) y neutropenia febril (OR 0,48; IC 95% 0,22-0,94; p= 0,04). Conclusión. El programa fue efectivo. Permitió mejorar las prácticas de prescripción de antibióticos en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados.(AU)


Introduction. Inadequate antibiotic use is associated with an increased emergence of resistant microorganisms, higher morbidity and mortality rates, and an impact on public health. Objective. To assess the effectiveness of a program aimed at improving the use of antimicrobials in patients hospitalized at Hospital Garrahan. Material and Methods. Prospective, longitudinal, before and after study with no control group. Study period: From November 1st, 2010 to June 30th, 2011. Patients receiving parenteral antibiotics were included. Newborn infants, burned patients and those receiving prophylactic antibiotics were excluded. The periods before and after implementing discussion and monitoring workshops for antibiotic prescription and distributing treatment guidelines were compared. An univariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression study were performed (STATA 8.0). Results. In the pre-interventionperiod,376patients were included; of them, 35.6% had received inadequate treatment. The multiple regression analysis showed that the endpoints for inadequate antibiotic use were acute lower respiratory tract infection (OR: 3.80; 95% CI: 1.35-3.26; p=0.04), fever without a source in hospitalized patients (OR: 5.55; 95% CI: 2.43-12.6; p < 0.01), and febrile neutropenia (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.10-0.7; p < 0.01). In the post-intervention period, 357 patients were included; 21.5% had received inadequate treatment. A reduction in inadequate antibiotic prescription was observed compared to the pre-intervention period (p < 0.01). The multiple regression analysis showed that endpoints for inadequate use were skin and soft tissue infections (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13-0.93; p = 0.035), and febrile neutropenia (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.220.94; p= 0.04). Conclusion. The program was effective and allowed to improve antibiotic prescription practices in hospitalized children.(AU)

20.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 112(2): 124-31, 2014 04.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24584786

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Inadequate antibiotic use is associated with an increased emergence of resistant microorganisms, higher morbidity and mortality rates, and an impact on public health. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a program aimed at improving the use of antimicrobials in patients hospitalized at Hospital Garrahan. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, longitudinal, before and after study with no control group. STUDY PERIOD: From November 1st, 2010 to June 30th, 2011. Patients receiving parenteral antibiotics were included. Newborn infants, burned patients and those receiving prophylactic antibiotics were excluded. The periods before and after implementing discussion and monitoring workshops for antibiotic prescription and distributing treatment guidelines were compared. An univariate analysis and a multiple logistic regression study were performed (STATA 8.0). RESULTS: In the pre-intervention period,376 patients were included; of them, 35.6% had received inadequate treatment. The multiple regression analysis showed that the endpoints for inadequate antibiotic use were acute lower respiratory tract infection (OR: 3.80; 95% CI: 1.35-3.26; p=0.04), fever without a source in hospitalized patients (OR: 5.55; 95% CI: 2.43-12.6; p < 0.01), and febrile neutropenia (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.10-0.7; p < 0.01). In the post-intervention period, 357 patients were included; 21.5% had received inadequate treatment. A reduction in inadequate antibiotic prescription was observed compared to the pre-intervention period (p < 0.01). The multiple regression analysis showed that endpoints for inadequate use were skin and soft tissue infections (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13-0.93; p = 0.035), and febrile neutropenia (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.220.94; p= 0.04). CONCLUSION: The program was effective and allowed to improve antibiotic prescription practices in hospitalized children.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Uso de Medicamentos/normas , Adolescente , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hospitalização , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Longitudinais , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudos Prospectivos , Atenção Terciária à Saúde
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